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Klaus Zehelein
Klaus Zehelein (born September 5, 1940, in Frankfurt am Main), is a German dramaturge. He was president of the Munich Bayerische Theaterakademie August Everding. Zehelein is also president of the association of German theaters, Deutscher Bühnenverein. For fifteen years, from 1991 until 2006, Zehelein was artistic director of the Staatsoper Stuttgart. Critic Gerhard Rohde, summing up Zehelein's theatre work at the Stuttgart opera, says "Zehelein does not view opera as a culinary phenomenon. For him opera is an extremely complex matter, where all arts – as well as social, philosophical, historic, utopic and other aspects – unite. This complexity of opera merits being perceived, being seen, being experienced; thus all works that end up performed on stage, are rigorously analyzed beforehand. He who says this results in thinned-out, merely sophisticated opera performances, missed out substantially in the Zehelein-Era in Stuttgart."〔Gerhard Rohne, ''Oper und Tanz'', April, 2006, () - ''this quote is translated into somewhat simplified English.''〕
== Education and professional activity ==
Zehelein studied German literature, musicology and philosophy in the Goethe University Frankfurt. Among his teachers were the philosophers Max Horkheimer and Theodor W. Adorno. Although not a composer himself, Zehelein participated in the Darmstadt International Summer Courses for New Music from 1959 to 1966. Here he met composers Luigi Nono and Karlheinz Stockhausen, which would influence Zehelein's future artistic development.〔Teresa Pieschacón-Raphael, ''Crescendo'' magazine Interview (in German)(retrieved July, 2013 )〕 Zehelein began his professional activity at the theater in Kiel in 1967, then became chief dramaturge in Oldenburg.
From 1977 to 1987 he worked at the Frankfurt opera, starting as chief dramaturge and becoming Opera director.〔Michael Gielen describing work with Zehelein, in: Michael Gielen ''»Unbedingt Musik«: Erinnerungen'', Insel Verlag,(2012), ISBN 978-3458358305〕〔Axel Dielmann, ''Schafft Neus! ...: Richard Wagner in Frankfurt ( 2013), ISBN 978-3866380257〕 In Frankfurt Zehelein developed a practical but intellectually supported manner of interpreting and staging opera.〔Work with Zehelein as dramaturge, in: Gottfried Knapp, ''Hans Diether Schall’s Stage sets'', in Hans Dieter Schaal: Stage Architecture, Edition Axel Menges (Juni 2002), ISBN 978-3930698868, pp. 6–10〕 He worked with the stage director Hans Neuenfels on Busoni's ''Doktor Faust'' and Neuenfels' production of ''Aida'' – known as "Aida as cleaning-lady production".〔Clemens Risi, ''Shedding Light on the Audience: Hans Neuenfels and Peter Konwitschny Stage Verdi (And Verdians)'', Cambridge Opera Journal, Vol. 14, No. 1/2, ''Primal Scenes: Proceedings of a Conference Held at the University of California, Berkeley, 30 November – 2 December 2001'', (2002), pp. 201–210〕 With the east German director Ruth Berghaus and her designer Axel Manthey, he worked on ''Parsifal''〔Opera Quarterly, ''Parsifal: A Workshop Conversation with Ruth Berghaus, Michael Gielen, Klaus Zehelein, and Axel Manthey''Spring 2006, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p349〕 and Wagner's ''Ring''.〔Barry Millington, "The Ring according to Berghaus", ''The Musical Times'', Vol. 128, No. 1735, (1987), pp. 491–492〕 Zehelein moved to Hamburg in 1989 as artistic director of the Thalia Theater before being offered the position of artistic director at the Stuttgart opera.
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